Realm: Terrestrial
Climate: Temperate
Biome: Temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands
Central latitude: 45.413120
Central longitude: -93.193670
Duration: 4 years, from 2003 to 2006

1140 records

236 distinct species

Across the time series Unknown sp1 is the most frequently occurring species

Methods

In 2000 we began to examine impacts of three anthropogenic effects on successional grasslands in an area with rapid woody encroachment toward white pine forest. We established a factorial experiment that manipulates N (0 or 3 g m-2 yr-1), fire (none or every 2nd year), and deer (fenced or open to deer), with a total of 32 plots, each 20 x 20 m. We hypothesized that the response of this ecosystem to the combined effects of fire, N, and herbivory would depend on the ability of pine and other species to invade and the magnitude of their response to the different disturbance factors: warm-season grasses increase with and encourage fire, resist herbivores, and inhibit woody plant invasion (Davis et al. 1998, Inouye et al. 1994); cool-season plants are favored by N deposition (Tilman 1987) but are fire-intolerant and palatable to herbivores; legumes tolerate fire but decrease with herbivory and N deposition; and finally, woody plants are fire-intolerant and may be more susceptible to herbivory. We are measuring treatment effects on composition and diversity of plants and consumers (insects, small mammals, lizards) as well as plant and soil C and N. Data set here contains only control plot (i.e. no fertilizer, no deer exclusion, and no fire treatment). Plot establishment: Thirty-two 20 x 20 m plots were established in field B in fall 2000 (see plot map). To reduce edge effects, each plot has a 5 m wide buffer zone along each interior side of the fence/edge. This leaves a central 10 x 10 m area (marked with orange-tipped rebar) in which most sampling takes place. The experiment design is factorial, with treatments consisting of deer exclosure fences, nitrogen addition, and prescribed burning. Treatments assigned to each plot are found in the treatment table below. Within each plot there is also a 1 sq. m plowed area (located outside of the central 10 x 10 m area). Deer exclosure fences were constructed of 6 ft tall hardware cloth with an opening size of 2 x 4 in. Aluminum flashing was stapled to the bases of fence posts to protect them from burning. All trees were removed from the 4 m wide area between plots, as well as the out perimeter of the experiment. This buffer provides space for fire vehicles during prescribed burns. Trees within plots that were large enough to pose a fire hazard were removed, as were large trees near fences. This reduced potential damage to the fences, while not disturbing the inner plot where most measurements are made. Species inventory: A comprehensive species list was compiled for each plot. Species were listed as common (c), occasional (o), or rare (r). Rare species occurred 1-3 times in the plot, common species were abundant and evenly distributed throughout the plot and occasional species consisted of everything in between. This information was first collected in July 2001, by Heidi Hillhouse, John Haarstad, Jean Knops, Jeffrey Arnold, Steven Metzger, and Sarah Went. A second species inventory was done September 13-14 in 2005, by Joel Zak, Steph Pimm, Daniel (Todd) Dalton, Kally Worm and David DeVetter. The amount of time spent searching in each plot was limited to 15 minutes. A * following the abundance code indicated that the species was present in the 1 x 1 m tilled area but was either absent or present in a lower abundance category in the rest of the plot. Arthropod sweepnet sampling All 32 plots were sampled for arthropods in 2003-2006 using a 38 cm diameter muslin sweep net to take 50 sweeps per plot. A ?sweep? consisted of a quick, approximately 2-meter-long horizontal swing of the net. Sampling dates were: 15/Aug/03, 19/Aug/04, 16/Jun/05, 12/July/05, 12/Aug/05, 16/Jun/06, 15/Aug/06. Samples were frozen, then sorted under magnification. Arthropods were generally identified to species or genus, but occasionally a morphological descriptive was used when identification was uncertain. Sample collection and sorting was done by John Haarstad. Arthropod sweepnet sampling: Data Preparation Data preparation was begun by John Haarstad and Stephanie Pimm Lyon. It was completed by Colleen Satyshur, primarily using the access database that Stephanie prepared for Big Bio and which she used in preparing some of this data, but also using a CODE file J.Haarstad included with his latest data files. *Note about comparing experiments: morphological notes may not indicate the same species/group in different experiments.

Citation(s)

@Dataset{BioTIME_cit350, Study_id = {586}, Citation_id = {350}, Author = {Knops, J}, Publisher = {Environmental Data Initiative}, Title = {Arthropod sweepnet sampling: Interactive Effects of Deer, Fire and Nitrogen ver 8}, Year = {2018}, Doi = {10.6073/pasta/a79b1120729dffc992897de58a2c5408}, Url = {https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/a79b1120729dffc992897de58a2c5408}, Language = {English}, Version = {8} }