Realm: Freshwater
Climate: Temperate
Biome: Large lake ecosystems
Central latitude: 36.033333
Central longitude: 138.083333
Duration: 19 years, from 1996 to 2017
4031 records
40 distinct species
Across the time series
Polyarthra is the most frequently occurring species
Methods
Lake Suwa (Fig. 1) is located in central Japan (Nagano Prefecture) with an altitude of approximately 757 m. The surface area is 13.3 km2 with a catchment area of 531 km2. Mean depth is approximately 4 m with a maximum depth of 6 m (center of the lake). Zooplankton samples were collected from the center of the lake (Fig. 1; depth of approximately 6 m) using a column sampler (an acrylic tube with 5.5-cm diameter and 2-m length). Three water columns from the surface to near bottom (from surface to 2-m depth, 24 m and 4 m to near bottom; total volume = 12.4 L) were collected and filtered with a 40-µm mesh net. The fixed samples were concentrated to 520 mL (depending on zooplankton abundance) by settling for 24-h. Aliquots of 1 mL were used for counting rotifers and copepod nauplii. Whole samples were examined for enumeration of cladocerans and copepods (adults and copepodids): the densities of which were often less than one individual per liter. Samples were analyzed using a microscope at 40× or 100× magnification. Data were collected from March 1996 to July 2017. During this period, the sampling, sample preservation and counting methods were kept in the same manner. Data were continuously collected through July 2017, and the database was updated when new data were verified. Earliest sample date: 11 March 1996
Latest sampling date: 5 July 2017. Center of Lake Suwa, Japan: 36° 2? N, 138° 5? E
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